HISTORY OF CONTAINERIZATION
تاريخ النقل بالحاويات وقد احتفل العالم فى 2006 بمرور 50 عاما على بدء الشحن بالحاويات
Modern container shipping celebrated its 50th anniversary in
2006. Almost from the first voyage, use of this method of transport for goods
grew steadily and in just five decades, container ships would carry about 60% of
the value of goods shipped via sea.
The idea of using some type of shipping container was not
completely novel. Boxes similar to modern containers had been used for combined
rail- and horse-drawn transport in England as early as 1792. The US government
used small standard-sized containers during the Second World War, which proved
a means of quickly and efficiently unloading and distributing supplies.
However, in 1955, Malcolm P. McLean, a trucking entrepreneur from North
Carolina, USA, bought a steamship company with the idea of transporting entire
truck trailers with their cargo still inside. He realized it would be much
simpler and quicker to have one container that could be lifted from a vehicle
directly on to a ship without first having to unload its contents.
His ideas were based on the theory that efficiency could be
vastly improved through a system of "internationalism", in which the
same container, with the same cargo, can be transported with minimum
interruption via different transport modes during its journey. Containers could
be moved seamlessly between ships, trucks and trains. This would simplify the
whole logistical process and, eventually, implementing this idea led to a
revolution in cargo transportation and international trade over the next 50
years.
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